Combine Polycarboxylate Superplasticizer with Early-strength Component

Australian alumina ban disrupts Rusal pce powder prices for chemicals. Patel said. "One possible outcome could be Chinese buyers buying alumina and reselling it through eastern Russian ports." Rusal has a 20% stake in the Queensland Alumina Refinery, which has a capacity of 3.95 million tonnes a year, thus providing Rusal with 790,000 tonnes a year, Patel said. In addition, Rusal's Nikolaev refinery in Ukraine, which has an annual capacity of 1.75 million tonnes, has been suspended due to the conflict, he added. WoodMac said Rusal was also experiencing supply chain problems at its 2 million tonne a year Aughinish refinery in Ireland.

In order to overcome the technical defects in the application of polycarboxylate water-reducing agent, or to improve some or some properties of concrete (workability, slump retention, reduction of bleeding, improvement of early strength, low shrinkage, etc.), it is necessary to modify the concrete. 

In practice, the commonly used modification methods include synthetic technology and compound technology. Compared with the synthetic process, the compound method has the advantages of simple operation and low cost, so it is widely used in practical applications. Polycarboxylate series compound technology, is the Polycarboxylate series water-reducing agent and other components (such as slow coagulation, defoaming, air induction, early strength, and other components) according to a certain proportion of the combination compound, in order to achieve the coordination of the superposition of each component.

Compound Polycarboxylate Superplasticizer with Early-strength Component

With the wide application of polycarboxylate superplasticizer, the requirement of concrete early strength in practical engineering is more and more prominent, so the polycarboxylate superplasticizer has been the focus of research to meet the early strength performance of concrete. Early strength polycarboxylate water reducing agent can be made by compounding early strength agent and polycarboxylate water reducing agent. Commonly used early strength agent mainly includes strong electrolyte inorganic salt early strength agent (sulfate, sulfate double salt, nitrate, nitrite, chlorine salt, etc.) and water-soluble organic compound (triethanolamine, formate, acetate, etc.) and its complex. 

Through the study of MPEG Polycarboxylate superplasticizer and five kinds of early strength agent, it is found that the compatibility between sodium sulfate early strength agent and polycarboxylate superplasticizer is very poor and the early strength of cement decreases. The combination of calcium nitrate, sodium nitrite, triethanolamine and triisopropanolamine with polycarboxylate significantly decreased the fluidity retention ability of net slurry, but all of them could improve the early strength of cement, but the effect was slightly different due to the type of early strength agent, among which triethanolamine had the most obvious enhancing effect. Zhao also found through the compound study of polycarboxylate water-reducing agent and early strength agent that the compound performance of NaCl, CaCl2, NaNO2, NaNO3 and other early strength agents and polycarboxylate was good. After adding a certain amount of early strength agent, the compound system had almost no adverse effect on the fluidity and plastic energy of fresh concrete, but all of them could significantly improve the strength of concrete at each age.  The mixture of Na2SO4 and Na2S2O3 reduces the fluidity and plasticity of concrete, but it also has a significant strengthening effect on concrete.

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The secretary of Ukraine's National Security and Defense Council said the US arms lease bill to Ukraine has not yet been implemented. This is still in the process and could start from July to September 2022, he said. The approval of this bill is a very positive decision for Ukraine. Aid to Ukraine through lend-lease will eventually come, the question is when.  

In an effort to speed up the supply of weapons to Ukraine, President Joe Biden signed a defense lend-lease bill for Ukraine at the White House on May 9.

Nippon Steel, JFE Steel, and Kobe Steel will work together to develop a steel-making process that uses hydrogen to reduce carbon dioxide emissions without using blast furnaces. Small test furnaces will be built at Nippon Steel's Hwazaki Research and Development Center (Kamiki city, Ibaraki Prefecture) and JFE's East Japan Steel In Chiba (Chiba City). The two test furnaces, which will be operational by 2024-25, will confirm whether ore with high levels of impurities can also operate smoothly.

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